The Earth is supported against the gravity of the Sun, and not falling into it,
Forgive my pedantry, but actually, the Earth is falling toward the sun. It wouldn't be orbiting the Sun if it wasn't. Orbit is achieved when the speed of horizontal movement parallel to the surface of the star or planet you're orbiting is such that the rate at which you're falling toward the planet or star equals the rate at which the surface of the planet of star is curving down away from you.
Centrifugal force does not apply to orbiting because the orbiting body isn't fixed to the object it's orbiting. If you speed up the forward speed of the earth it will just orbit further away from the sun or leave orbit altogether.
And the Bible's statement that the Earth is hanging on nothing is totally wrong because the Earth isn't hanging at all. The earth is hurtling through space in a corkscrew motion. It is orbiting around the sun and the sun in turn is orbiting the galaxy in a plane that is perpendicular to the earth's plane of orbit around the sun. When you combine the two motions the earth is making a corkscrew path through space.